Before discussing the matter, I want to share how many vaccine candidates are being developed around the world. Some of them have already applied for authorisation where some are in different stages of trials to test safety and efficacy.
The first one is "The
Covishield vaccine" which is being made by Serum Institute of India partnered with British pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca.
The second one is "Covaxin",
being developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian
Council of Medical Research (ICMR) have already applied for
authorisation.
The third one is "ZyCov-Di", being developed by Ahmedabad-based Zydus-Cadila.
The fourth one is a Vaccine
which is being developed by Hyderabad-based Biological E, the first Indian
private vaccine making company, in collaboration with MIT.
The fifth one is "HGCO19", India's first mRNA vaccine made by Pune-based Genova in
collaboration with Seattle-based HDT Biotech Corporation, using bits of
genetic code to cause an immune response.
The sixth one is "The Sputnik V" vaccine candidate developed by Dr Reddy's Lab and Gamaleya National Centre in Russia.
The seventh one is a nasal vaccine by Bharat BioTech.
The eight one is a second vaccine being developed by Serum Institute of India and American vaccine development company Novavax.
As per the sources, India had already booked millions of doses from a number of vaccine makers around the world. A few vaccine candidates
were likely to get emergency-use authorisation from the drug regulator
in the next few weeks. The vaccination programme aims to reach around 300 million people by early August, 2021.
Indian government is in touch with a number of local and
international vaccine makers and informing them about our requirements and
finding out about their production capacities.
As per the sources, world's largest vaccine maker, Serum Institute of India, and Bharat Biotech alone have the capability of making 65
million doses a month. India also has a "good stockpile" of vaccines which can be quickly converted into vials, if vaccines get regulatory approval.
Frequently Asked Questions
How will the vaccination programme be rolled out?
Around 300 million Indians will be vaccinated between January and early August. For this vaccination process, we need to begin with an estimated 10 million health workers, followed by
policemen, soldiers, municipal and other front line workers.
The
next groups eligible for vaccinations would include people above and
below 50 years of age with underlying conditions and co-morbidities.
India have already achieved the fame of world's biggest immunisation programme, inoculating
more than 40 million newborns and pregnant women against 12 diseases
every year. It also has a well-oiled electronic system to stock and
track these vaccines.
How does India plan to vaccinate 1 billion people?
154,000 of the country's 223,000 nurses and midwives engaged in
this programme will be deployed to give Covid vaccines to people. It
will be also inviting final year nursing students to volunteer.
And the most important thing is the cold storage facility for storing the vaccines in the country like India where preservation of vaccines is so difficult. In India, extreme cold storage chain facilities - up to -80C - are already
available in a number of agricultural and animal husbandry research
centres in Haryana, Karnataka and West Bengal, among other places.
Is the Covid vaccine safe?
The safety trial has begun for all the vaccine candidates in the lab with tests and research on cells and animals and move to the next stage of testing depends on if there are no outstanding safety concerns.
Indian health minister Harsh Vardhan said, that "there has been a little over one crore cases of the killer virus in
the country. "Of that, 95 lakh 50 thousand cases have recovered
successfully. India has one of the highest recovery rates in the world
at 95.46%".
He also said, there are lots of confusion among people for the safety of the vaccines. He added, before injecting vaccine, we need to be concerned about the safety of the people. Each center will have medical facility such that if anyone feels uncomfortable or uneasiness after being vaccinated, he/she will be taken to the immediate care facility. It is advised for the people that everyone has to wait in the vaccine center for 30 minutes after being vaccinated.
Who can approve vaccines or treatments?
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), UK gives approval for vaccine if that a vaccine is both safe, effective and makes sure there are no further side effects or long-term risks. Independent
experts on the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI)
decide how best to use a vaccine and who should get it.
Will a vaccine make anyone ill?
Vaccines
do not give anyone a disease. Instead, they teach your body's immune
system to recognise and fight the infection they have been designed to
protect against. Some people may suffer mild fever or muscle pain on the side of injecting. This is not the disease itself, but the body's response to the vaccine.
What about allergies?
The MHRA says it hasn't identified any "serious adverse reactions" during the trial of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. Two people out of many thousands who got the jab on the first day of UK rollout had allergic reactions. But Both are recovering well.
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